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3-inch gun M1903
The 3-inch gun M1903 and its predecessors the M1898 and M1902 were rapid fire breech-loading artillery guns with a 360-degree traverse. In some references they are called "15-pounders" due to their projectile weight. They were originally emplaced from 1899 to 1917 and served until near the end of World War II. These 3-inch guns were placed to provide fire to protect submarine mines and nets against minesweepers, and also to protect against motor torpedo boats. In some documentation they are called "mine defense guns". The 3-inch guns were mounted on pedestal mounts (retractable "masking parapet" mount for the M1898) that bolted into a concrete emplacement that provided cover and safety for the gun's crew.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=TM 9-421 3-Inch Seacoast Gun Materiel )〕
==History==
The 3-inch mine defense guns were part of a comprehensive plan of new fortifications specified by the Endicott Board of 1885. The new forts included guns up to 12-inch (305 mm) on disappearing carriages, to conceal the fort from observation from the sea. The 3-inch guns were the smallest of these guns, intended to protect remotely controlled minefields against minesweepers. For most of their service they were operated by the United States Army Coast Artillery Corps.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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